(root)/pkg-python/python-defaults-debian : /dh_python2.rst (revision 359)

============

 dh_python2

============

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calculates Python dependencies, adds maintainer scripts to byte compile files, etc.

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SYNOPSIS

========

  dh_python2 -p PACKAGE [-V [X.Y][-][A.B]] DIR_OR_FILE [-X REGEXPR]

DESCRIPTION

===========

QUICK GUIDE FOR MAINTAINERS

---------------------------

 * if necessary, describe supported Python versions via X-Python-Version field

   in debian/control,

 * build-depend on python or python-all or python-all-dev (>= 2.6.6-3~),

 * build module/application using its standard build system,

   remember to build extensions for all supported Python versions (loop over

   ``pyversions -vr``),

 * install files to the *standard* locations, add `--install-layout=deb` to

   setup.py's install command if your package is using distutils,

 * add `python2` to dh's --with option, or:

 * `include /usr/share/cdbs/1/class/python-distutils.mk` in debian/rules and

   depend on `cdbs (>= 0.4.90)`, or:

 * call ``dh_python2`` in the `binary-*` target,

 * add `${python:Depends}` to Depends

NOTES

-----

In order to support more than one Python version in the same binary package,

dh_python2 (unlike dh_pycentral and dh_pysupport) creates symlinks to all

supported Python versions at build time. It means binNMU (or sourceful upload

in case of architecture independent packages) is required once a list of

supported Python version is changed. It's faster and more robust than its

competitors, though.

dependencies

~~~~~~~~~~~~

dh_python2 tries to translate Python dependencies from requires.txt file to

Debian dependencies. Use debian/pydist-overrides or --no-guessing-deps option

to override it if the guess is incorrect. If you want dh_python2 to generate

more strict dependencies (f.e. to avoid ABI problems) create

debian/python-foo.pydist file. See /usr/share/doc/python-doc/README.PyDist

(provided by python-doc package) for more information. If the pydist file

contains PEP386 flag or set of (uscan like) rules, dh_python2 will make the

depedency versioned (version requirements are ignored by default).

namespace feature

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

dh_python2 parses Egg's namespace_packages.txt files (in addition to

--namespace command line argument(s)) and drops empty __init__.py files from

binary package. pycompile will regenerate them at install time and pyclean

will remove them at uninstall time (if they're no longer used in installed

packages). It's still a good idea to provide __init__.py file in one of

binary packages (even if all other packages use this feature).

private dirs

~~~~~~~~~~~~

`/usr/share/foo`, `/usr/share/games/foo`, `/usr/lib/foo` and

`/usr/lib/games/foo` private directories are scanned for Python files

by default (where `foo` is binary package name). If your package is shipping

Python files in some other directory, add another dh_python2 call in

debian/rules with directory name as an argument - you can use different set of

options in this call. If you need to change options (f.e. a list of supported

Python versions) for a private directory that is checked by default, invoke

dh_python2 with --skip-private option and add another call with a path to this

directory and new options.

debug packages

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

In binary packages which name ends with `-dbg`, all files in

`/usr/lib/python2.X/{site,dist}-packages/` directory 

that have extensions different than `so` or `h` are removed by default.

Use --no-dbg-cleaning option to disable this feature.

pyinstall files

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Files listed in debian/pkg.pyinstall file will be installed as public modules

for all requested Python versions (dh_install doesn't know about python's site-

vs. dist-packages issue).

Syntax: ``path/to/file [VERSION_RANGE] [NAMESPACE]``

debian directory is automatically removed from the path, so you can place your

files in debian/ directory and install them from this location (if you want to

install them in "debian" namespace, set NAMESPACE to debian). If NAMESPACE is

set, all listed files will be installed in .../dist-packages/NAMESPACE/

directory.

Examples:

 * ``foo.py`` installs .../dist-packages/foo.py for all supported Python versions

 * ``foo/bar.py 2.6-`` installs .../dist-packages/foo/bar.py for versions >= 2.6

 * ``foo/bar.py spam`` installs .../dist-packages/spam/bar.py

 * ``debian/*.py spam.egg 2.5`` installs .../python2.5/site-packages/spam/egg/\*.py

   files

pyremove files

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

If you want to remove some files installed by build system (from all supported

Python versions or only from a subset of these versions), add them to

debian/pkg.pyremove file.

Examples:

 * ``*.pth`` removes .pth files from .../dist-packages/

 * ``bar/baz.py 2.5`` removes .../python2.5/site-packages/bar/baz.py

overriding supported / default Python versions

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

If you want to override system's list of supported Python versions or the

default one (f.e. to build a package that includes symlinks for older version

of Python or compile .py files only for given interpreter version), you can do

that via `DEBPYTHON_SUPPORTED` and/or `DEBPYTHON_DEFAULT` env. variables.

Example: ``2.5,2.7`` limits the list of supported Python versions to Python 2.5

and Python 2.7.

OPTIONS

=======

--version	show program's version number and exit

-h, --help	show help message and exit

--no-guessing-versions	disable guessing other supported Python versions

--no-guessing-deps	disable guessing dependencies

--no-dbg-cleaning	do not remove any files from debug packages

--no-shebang-rewrite	do not rewrite shebangs

--skip-private	don't check private directories

-v, --verbose	turn verbose mode on

-i, --indep	act on architecture independent packages

-a, --arch	act on architecture dependent packages

-q, --quiet	be quiet

-p PACKAGE, --package=PACKAGE	act on the package named PACKAGE

-N NO_PACKAGE, --no-package=NO_PACKAGE	do not act on the specified package

-V VRANGE	specify list of supported Python versions. See

  pycompile(1) for examples

-X REGEXPR, --exclude=REGEXPR	exclude items that match given REGEXPR. You may

  use this option multiple times to build up a list of things to exclude.

--compile-all	compile all files from given private directory in postinst/rtupdate

  not just the ones provided by the package (i.e. do not pass the --package

  parameter to pycompile/pyclean)

--depends=DEPENDS	translate given requirements into Debian dependencies

  and add them to ${python:Depends}. Use it for missing items in requires.txt

--recommends=RECOMMENDS		translate given requirements into Debian dependencies

  and add them to ${python:Recommends}

--suggests=SUGGESTS	translate given requirements into Debian dependencies

  and add them to ${python:Suggests}

--namespace	use this option (multiple time if necessary) if

  namespace_packages.txt is not complete

--ignore-namespace	ignore Egg's namespace declaration and

  --namespace option. This option will disable removing (and recreating at

  install time) empty __init__.py files. Removing namespace_packages.txt from

  egg-info directory has the same effect.

--clean-pycentral	generate maintainer script that will remove byte code

  generated by python-central helper

--shebang=COMMAND	use given command as shebang in scripts

--ignore-shebangs	do not translate shebangs into Debian dependencies

SEE ALSO

========

* /usr/share/doc/python/python-policy.txt.gz

* /usr/share/doc/python-doc/README.PyDist (python-doc package)

* pycompile(1), pyclean(1)

* dh_python3(1), py3compile(1), py3clean(1)

* Wiki page about converting package to dh_python2:

  http://wiki.debian.org/Python/TransitionToDHPython2